Talampaya Natural Park is a national park located in the east/centre of La Rioja Province, Argentina. It was designated a provincial reserve in 1975 and in 1997 was declared a national park.
The park covers an area of 2,150 km², at an altitude of 1,500 m above mean sea level. Its purpose is to protect important archaeological and palaeontological sites found in the area. It has landscapes of great beauty, with flora and fauna typical of the mountain biome.
The park is in a basin between the Cerro Los Colorados to the west and the Sierra de Sañagasta to the east. The landscape is the result of erosion by water and wind in a desert climate, with large ranges in temperature - high heat by day and low temperature at night, with torrential rain in summer and strong wind in spring.
In the park can be found:
* The dry bed of the Talampaya River, where dinosaurs lived millions of years ago - fossils, whilst not as interesting as Ischigualasto, have been found here;
* The Talampaya gorge and its rock formations with walls up to 143 m high, narrowing to 80 m at one point;
* The remains of indigenous peoples' settlements, such as the petroglyphs of the Puerta del Cañón;
* A botanical garden of the local flora at the narrow point of the canyon;
* Regional fauna, including guanacos, hares, maras, foxes and condors.